Improvement in planes



@uitrit ftent 'etnt ffif-..

F. SMITH-AND I. CARPENTER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

' Letters Patent No.. 81,425, dated Augustl 25, l1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANES.

To ALL Wit-0M 1T MAY CONCERN: v

. Be it knownthat we, F.' SMITH and I. CARPENTER, of Lancaster, in thecounty of Lancaster, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Joiner-s Planes; and we do hereby declare thatthefollowing lis ahfull, clear, and exact description thereof, whichwill enable those skilled inthe ar-t to make and "use the samp,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspeciieation.

The nature fof our invention relates to `imprizivements in joinersplanes, whereby it is designed torreuder the stocks less liable tow-arp,Eto regulatethe weight of' the same, to provide for a more perfectdelivery of the shaving, adjusting the same tex-be used as a single or adouble plane, and adjusting the mouth se as to govern the width ofthesame for-the-passage of the shaving.

And it coiisists in constructing the stock partly et' iron,substituting, for the tapered lnotches of wooden stocks for holding thetightening-wedges, set-screws for holding the wedge, which is made ofmetal, and providedwith an4 'additional tighteningserew'v in its upperend, which works aga-inst the face ofthe plane-bit, or intera swivel-nutwhich slides in the slots of plane-hits, as ordinarily constructed, andproviding a Wooden wedge .at the back side Aoi' the plane-bit, as willbe more fully described on reference to the accompanying.draw,

ings, wherein- Figure 1-represents a plan. view o f 4ourimprov'ed plane.g Figure 2, a central section ofthe same en the line a: x of iig. 1.

Figure 3, a plan view of a part of our improvement applied toplane-bits, having the ordinary slot in the' Figure 4 a seetionenv theline y y of iig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A represents the Wood part oi' the stock, and

.B-the'iron portion oi' the same, which are secured together bythescrews d d.

The part B may-be made of cust iron, and of different thicknesses, asmay be desired to govern the'weight of the plane. v A

'.lhehandle and knob may be secured te the part B in suitable socketsprovided for them by the screws aa.

The part B is providedvwith lugs,J al a,'through which seti-screws, a2a", are arranged to hold the cap.

C represents a metal cap or wedge, provided 'with a set-screw, b, bywhich it may be', if desired, raised at its upper endfreni the bit4 D.

The said vcap istprovided witha raised portion, C', in advance of theset-screw I), which rises by a gentle c'urve from thewedge portion ofthe same, so its to prevent thevshavings from cloggingl against thescrew.

When a plane-bit is 'used without aslot, as in figs. 1 and 2,-we use aset-screw arranged as therein shown, but to adapt ourimproved'tightening-wedgefto planle-bits ot' the old construction,having the slot for set-screws as ordinarily'constructed, we'attach, tothe ends of the set-screws, swivel-nutse, havingjslots in two 'edges ofthe same, which admit it to slide within the'sl-ot in the plane-hit, bytaking the edges ofthe bit forming the side walls ol' the slet in thelatter 'r'nto the slots in ihenut, the nut .being of the proper size tobe admitted through theenlarged portion ofthe slot in the plane-bit.

, .E represents a wedge, which maybe made of wood or metal, and arrangedin the bottom of the mouth of the stock under the plane-bit, and heldthereby the setserew e1 passing through a slot inthe said wedge, wherebyit may be adjustednvithiu tlie-'mouthoi` the stock.

The face of the wedge next theplaneb'it is provided with a recess, ci,to admit the nut e ofthe set-screw.

The ,under side of the'uppei" end of the metallic wedge() is providedwith a recess, f, (see iig. 4,) when the nut c is used. i v f n I By theuse of our improved wedge,.the same plane-bit may 'be used for a doubleor single bit.

When used as asingle' hit, itmaybe applied as ,shown in iig. 2, and whenusedV as a double bit, theset-s'crews a? may be withdrawn, sof thatA thewedge may be moved down suiiciently near to the edge of the bit to servethel purpose ofa double bit.

By adjusting the upper end of the wedge by a set-screw, b, the width ofthe mouth may be adjusted to suit the different requirements ofdifferent kinds of work, or of' diierent kinds of wood, or may be madeof uniform I v width from bottom to top.

The same may be also adjusted by the wedge E to some extent, but themore important function of the wedge E is to govern the width ofthethroat at the'eutting-edge of the bit, as at t', as will bc readilyunderstood,

In adjusting the wedge to the bit, when constructed as shown in figs. 3and 4, the lower end of the wedge isplaeed at the right positionWith'reterence t'o the cutting-edge 'of the bit, and the thumb-screwturned to the left until the upper end of the wedge is screwed tightlyto the bit. They are then inserted in the stock, the set-screws a2adjusted to their right positions, when the set-screw b is turned in theopposite direction, andthe wedge forced out against the set-screws ai'.I

The metallic part, B, of our stoel: may lie taken oii` from a worn-outwood stock, and readily applied to a new one, or `old plane-stocks ofordinary construction may be readily fitted to be attached to it.

We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. Theadjustable cap, provided with the guard in front of the set-screw b,substantially as and for tbe purpose described.

i?. The set-,screws a2 in the lugs al, arranged to clamp upon theadjustable wedge C, as herein shown and described for the purposespecied.

F. SMITH, I. CARPENTER.

Witnesses:

P. G. EBERMAN, F. R. GRUGER.

